A
- Abscisson layer
- Layer of cells at the base of the leaf stem, where the leaf breaks from a main stem. Weakening of these cells causes a leaf or flower to fall.
- Acid soil
- Soil with a pH level of less than 7.
- Alkaline soil
- Soil with a pH level of more than 7
- Adventitious roots or shoots form on stem or root cuttings
- Alternate
- Leaves, buds or shoots that occur singly on a stem at different heights, alternating between one side of the stem and the other
- Anaerobic
- Literally, without oxygen
- Annual
- Plants which germinate, flower, seed & die - i.e. a complete life cycle- in a single growing season
- Anther
- Part of stamen that carries pollen
- Apex
- The tip of a stem
- Apical
- The uppermost bud or shoot on a stem
- Apical dominance
- Where a tip or apical bud which inhibts the growth of lateral or side shoots and grows more rapidlt then they do
- Auxin
- A naturally occurring hormone forming in plant cells in a wounded region
- Axil
- The angle between the leaf and stem on which it grows
- Axillary
- Axillary bud occurrs in the axil or angle of leaf and stem; and axillary shoot which grows from the axil or angle of leaf and stem
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B
- Bare root
- Plant which is lifted in the winter and sold wrapped inprotective covering, i.e. without soil
- Bark Ringing
- See Ring Bark
- Basal
- Lowest part of a plant or stem
- Biennial
- Plants which require 2 growing seasons to complete a life cycle- i.e. to germinate, flower, seed & die
- Blind Shoot
- A shoot which does not develop properly, usually as the apical bud has been damaged or died
- Bolt
- Rapid growth of plant before flowering, usually refers to vegetables which mature suddenly
- Botrytis
- A grey mould or fungus which affects plants in humid conditions.
- Bract
- A modified leaf, forms beneath the flower (e.g. cornus 'flowers' are actally bracts surrounding the tiny, central flowers)
- Branched head
- A tree or shrub which has no central leader or shoot
- Brassica
- Member of the cruciferae family,e.g. a cabbage, cauliflower, turnip.
- Break
- The development of lateral shoots after pruning a shoot back to an axillary bud
- Bud
- The embryo flower or shoot, sometimes shoot buds can be referred to as growth buds
- Budding
- A propagation technique in which a single bud is used in grafting rather than a section of stem with several buds
- Bulb
- A stem base surrounded by swollen food-storage leaves
- Bulbil
- Tiny bulbs that form in the leaf axil either on a stem or flower
- Buttress
- Root which forms enlarged, above the surface, roots which support the plant
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